Mcgregor s x y theory pdf file download

Theory x and theory y douglas mcgregor douglas mcgregor in his book, the human side of enterprise published in 1960 has examined theories on behavior of individuals at work, and he has formulated two models which he calls theory x and theory y. Theory into practice abraham maslow viewed mcgregor as a mentor. The work of douglas mcgregor, 2 application of the theory the thoroughly dramatic plot by members of hitlers staff to exterminate their leader is painstakingly spelled out in this film. They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit sloan school of management in the 1950s, and developed further in the 1960s. Dogan unlucan mcgregor theories x and theory y student. The idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by douglas mcgregor, a management professor at the massachusetts institute of technology during the 1950s and 1960s. Mcgregors xy theory is a natural rule for managing people. Pdf on nov 1, 2017, mohammad saiful islam and others published application of mcgregors theory x and theory y.

Theory x states that employees dislike and try to avoid work, so they must be coerced into doing it. Theory x and theory y in 1960, douglas mcgregor formulated theory x and theory y suggesting two aspects of human behaviour at work, or in other words, two different views of individuals employees. This is the idea behind douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y. Mcgregor s theory x and y is a salutary and simple remainder of the natural rules for managing people, which under the pressure of daytoday business are all too easily forgotten. This theory divides workers and managers in the organization in two typical groups according to how managers lead their subordinates and respectively how subordinates behave character of the manager or worker corresponding to the. His work is based upon maslows hierarchy of needs, where he grouped the hierarchy into lowerorder needs theory x and higherorder needs theory y. Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y of motivation. Theory xy douglas mcgregor and theory z william ouichi. Mcclellands need for achievement underlies maslows selfactualization. Theory xy douglas mcgregor and theory z william ouichi theory x an authoritarian style of management the average worker dislikes work. The three prior studies that have made this distinction were recently conducted solely to develop constructvalid measures of both. Theory x percieves employees to be lazy, irresponsible and untrustworthy, while according to theory y employees are approached as one of the most valuable assets of the company. The points given below are substantial, so far as the difference between theory x and theory y is concerned.

All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Application of theory x and y in classroom management by. My boss asks me politely to do things, gives me reasons why, and invites my suggestions. But what about rankand file employees in todays economy. Mcgregors famous distinction between theory x and theory y. It is based on the assumption that selfdirection, selfcontrol, and maturity control motivation.

The average man is by nature, lazy he works as little as possible. Many managers tend towards theory x, and generally get poor. Mcgregor maintained that there two fundamental approaches to managing people. The idea behind using letters x and y, perhaps seems to be using a neutral terminology, which does not convey any sense of badness or goodness. Many years ago a professor named mcgregor dubbed these perspectives theory x and theory y. This refers to an authoritarian management style, where reward and punishment is seen as the best way to motivate employees to meet objectives. Managers tend to believe one or the other and treat their employees accordingly. He referred to these opposing motivational methods as theory x and theory y management. First, there has been a failure to distinguish between theory xy attitudes and theory xy behaviors. This lesson goes over these additional learning goals. He was a strong supporter of theories x and y, and he put theory y that people want to work, achieve and take responsibility into practice in a californian electronics factory. X and consider using the techniques suggested by theory y. Douglas mcgregor s theory x and theory y shubhabrata bose iiswbm mbaday sec.

These managers assume that people dont enjoy work in fact, they would surely avoid doing it. Hereafter, we refer to mcgregors theorizing as theory xy. The present research investigates whether xy attitudes and xy behaviorsexamined as two distinct constructsare. Mcgregor s theory y matches much of maslow s selfactualization level of motivation. Managements action of motivating human beings in the organization, according to mcgregor, involves certain assumptions, generalizations and hypothesis relating to human behavior and human nature. In 1895, it was here that his grandfather, thomas mcgregor started his business and given its name as, mcgregor institute. Mcgregor s ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people. Social psychologist mcgregor s theoryx and theory yof mit expounded two contrasting theories on human motivation and management in the 1960s. Pdf application of mcgregors theory x and theory y.

Theory x managers believe that their employees come to work just to earn a living, and that they dont want to take on new responsibilities. Mcgregors ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people. Theory x and theory y mcgregors theory x and theory y. Difference between theory x and theory y with comparison. These theories are based on the premise that management has to assemble all the factors of production, including human beings, to get the work done. I knew instinctively that mcgregor s assessment of the traditional view management, which he names theory x, was true because i had worked in x environments for years, trying to run y divisions. Therefore most people must be motivated by forcedbribed with the threat of punishment or a reward to produce effort and work towards organizational objectives.

Mcgregors theory x and theory y mcgregors theory x and. Xy theory questionnaire score the statements 5 always, 4 mostly, 3 often, 2 occasionally, 1 rarely, 0 never to indicate whether the situation and management style is x or y. Alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer, from where it can be opened using a pdf reader. Theory x management style generally get poor results compare with managers use theory y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to grow and develop. Based entirely on fact, the film utilizes stock footage and features eyewitnesses who serve to recreate the startling event. Organizational communication channel 118,677 views. Introduced by douglas mcgregor, theory x and theory y talk about the diverging views that exist about how organizations function. Social psychologist mcgregors theoryx and theoryyof mit expounded two contrasting theories on human motivation and management in the 1960s. Mcgregors theory x and y is a salutary and simple remainder of the natural rules for managing people, which under the pressure of daytoday business are all too easily forgotten.

Theory x and theory y are theories of human work motivation and management. Toward a constructvalid measure article pdf available in journal of managerial issues 202. Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y biography of douglas mcgregor douglas mcgregor was born on 1906 in detroit, america. To start off with, heres a brief definition of mcgregors theory x and theory y. Gradual identity transformation in charles mcgregors prison. Download the relationship between mcgregors xy theory management. The two theories are sets of propositions and beliefs about human nature. Theory x and theory y framework proposed by mcgregor in his classic book the human side of enterprise 1960 consists of two alternative set of assumptions. Douglas mcgregor proposed two different motivational theories. Mcclelland s need for achievement underlies maslow s selfactualization. Mcgregors theory x, y and ouchis z motivation self.

They can be signed electronically, and you can easily view pdf files on windows or mac os using the free acrobat reader dc software. His work showed that thoughts and beliefs might influence behavio. Mcgregor promoted theory y as the basis of good management practice, pioneering the argument that workers are not merely cogs in the company machinery, as theory xtype organizations seemed to believe. Control, achievement and continuous improvement achieved by enabling, empowering and giving responsibility.

Mcgregor s x y theory is a natural rule for managing people. These theories describe two contrasting models of workforce motivation in human resource. Mcgregor s six assumptions of theory y and his ideas of integrating individual and organization goals are congruent with the main planks in. Theory x and theory y, introduced in the book and are known for management and human motivation. The relationship between mcgregors xy theory management. In his 1960 management book, the human side of enterprise, douglas mcgregor made his mark on the history of organizational management and motivational psychology when he proposed the two theories by which managers perceive employee motivation. Introduction theory x and theory y are theories of human motivation created and developed by douglas mcgregor in the 1960s. Theory x belief that people are lazy, thus they must be micromanaged, watched, andor threatened to get to perform theory y views people as selfmotivated and want to achieve, thus they can direct own efforts with managements role to develop their potential mcgregors x and y theory. Douglas mcgregor has developed two sets of assumptions about human behaviour. Mcgregors theory y matches much of maslows selfactualization level of motivation. Read online the relationship between mcgregors xy theory management. Reward systems must correspond to intrinsic factors if employees are to be motivated.

Leaders know best, and should closely direct actions taken by staff, with little room for independence and responsibility. Mcgregor developed a philosophical view of humankind with his theory x and theory y in 1960. Theory x is propounded by mcgregor, which indicates a set of assumptions, that an average worker is motivated to satisfy their own needs and not to contribute to the fulfilment of organisational goals. Mcgregors theoryx and theoryy what is human resource. In his 1960 book, the human side of enterprise, mcgregor proposed two theories by which managers perceive and address employee. Mcgregors theory x and theory y in this theory that states that douglas mcgregor wrote a book entitled the human side of enterprise. Mcgregors theory x and theory y are theories about human behavior and motivation in the organization that was published in 1960 by douglas mcgregor. If we relate this theory to maslows hierarchy of needs, we see that theory x relates to lower order needs dominating peoples motivation and theory y is dominated by the higher order needs. You are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute. From this experience the greater formulated two sets of assumptions about human nature theory x, which is a pessimistic view of employees and theory y which is a modern and positive set of assumptions about people at work. Mcgregors work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of abraham maslow, who created the hierarchy of needs.